Vertebral Column

Cervical Vertebrae

Axis

The axis presents an elongated, dorsal spinous process, that is bladelike cranially and expanded caudally. Further distinction of the axis can be made by its cranioventral peglike eminence, the dense.

Axis vertebra, lateral view — shows elongated dorsal spinous process.

Atlas and axis, cranial view — demonstrates articulation of atlas and axis. Atlas and axis, dorsal view — shows relative positioning and contact surfaces.